The INA233AIDGSR is a digital current, voltage, and power monitor that integrates a 16-bit delta-sigma analog-to-digital converter with an I²C-, SMBus-, and PMBus-compatible digital interface. Unlike analog current-sense amplifiers that output a voltage proportional to load current, the INA233AIDGSR digitizes the measurement internally and reports the results over a digital bus, enabling direct readout of current in amperes and power in watts without additional processing in the host controller. The device is supplied in a 10-pin VSSOP package and operates over the –40°C to +125°C temperature range.

The INA233AIDGSR senses current on common-mode bus voltages from 0 V to 36 V, independent of its own supply voltage. This wide common-mode range allows the device to monitor high-side or low-side currents in systems where the bus voltage may be significantly higher than the monitor's 2.7 V to 5.5 V supply. The integrated 16-bit ΔΣ ADC is multiplexed between the shunt voltage and bus voltage measurements, digitizing both quantities with a single converter.

The accuracy specifications reflect the device's positioning as a precision monitor. Gain error is limited to 0.1% maximum, and input offset is 10 µV maximum. These specifications determine the accuracy of the reported current and power values: with a 0.1% gain error, a 10 A reading has an error of no more than 10 mA from gain alone, while the 10 µV offset limits the error at low currents where the shunt voltage is small.

The INA233AIDGSR provides a complete digital power monitoring subsystem. The integrated power accumulator records the total accumulated power and the corresponding sample count, enabling energy and average power calculations without burdening the host processor with continuous polling. This is particularly valuable in systems that must track energy consumption over time, such as battery-powered devices or data center power distribution units.

The device offers independent alert limits for current, bus voltage, and power. Each limit is programmable, and when a measured value exceeds its corresponding threshold, the alert function is triggered. This enables autonomous overcurrent, overvoltage, and overpower protection without continuous host intervention. The alert thresholds have 12 bits of effective resolution, and the least significant three bits of the 16-bit threshold word are hard-coded to zero.

Programmable calibration, conversion times, and averaging options are available. When combined with the internal multiplier, these features enable direct readouts of current in amperes and power in watts. The averaging function is particularly useful in noisy environments, where a single conversion may be corrupted by switching transients but the average of multiple conversions remains accurate.

The device supports up to 16 programmable addresses on the digital bus, allowing multiple INA233AIDGSR devices to share a single bus without address conflicts. This scalability is essential in systems that monitor multiple power rails, such as servers, network switches, and industrial controllers.

The INA233AIDGSR is deployed in systems where accurate power measurement is required for control, protection, or energy accounting.

Telecom and Data Center Equipment. Base stations, servers, and networking equipment use the INA233AIDGSR to monitor power consumption on individual rails, enabling dynamic power management and thermal control.

Industrial Power Monitoring. Programmable logic controllers and industrial gateways use the device to monitor 24 V or 48 V industrial power buses, with the 36 V common-mode capability providing margin against supply transients.

Battery Management. Battery chargers and fuel gauges use the INA233AIDGSR to measure charge and discharge current, with the integrated accumulator supporting coulomb counting for state-of-charge estimation.

Test and Measurement. Power analyzers and automated test equipment use the device to characterize the power consumption of components and subsystems under test.

Automotive and Transportation. While not automotive-qualified, the INA233AIDGSR is used in aftermarket and non-safety-critical vehicular systems for monitoring accessory power and charging circuits.

The INA233AIDGSR integrates the analog front-end, analog-to-digital conversion, and digital communication functions required for precision power monitoring into a single package. Its wide common-mode range, high accuracy, and flexible digital interface make it suitable for applications ranging from battery management to data center power distribution. For designers seeking to add power measurement capability to a system without developing custom analog signal conditioning, the INA233AIDGSR provides a complete and well-specified solution.